Auricula Primrose - Revision history

Bcraig: Reformat

Bcraig — Fri, 27 Mar 2009 13:48:02 GMT

Reformat

←Older revision		Revision as of 13:48, 27 March 2009
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-	'''Common Name:''' Garden Auricula Primrose<ref>This section is based on Peggy Cornett, CHP Information Sheet.</ref>	+	'''Common Name:''' Auricula Primrose<ref>This section is based on a Center for Historic Plants Information Sheet.</ref>

	'''Scientific Name:''' ''Primula auricula cv.'' (''Primula x pubescens'')		'''Scientific Name:''' ''Primula auricula cv.'' (''Primula x pubescens'')

-	'''Description:''' Hardy, spring flowering perennial; Umbels of large, flat, richly-colored flowers ranging from maroon-carmine, coral pink, deep orange, maroon-black with primrose yellow centers	+	[[Thomas Jefferson]] mentioned ''auriculas'' many times in his letters and Garden Diary, and he received divisions from Bernard McMahon in 1807.<ref>[[Short Title List\|Betts, ''Garden Book'']], 337 and 340. Jefferson probably referred to the ''Primula vulgaris''. See Edwin M. Betts, Hazlehurst Bolton Perkins, and Peter J. Hatch, [http://tjportal.monticello.org/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=3074 ''Thomas Jefferson's Flower Garden at Monticello''], 3rd ed. (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1986), 75.</ref> The species ''auricula'', also known as "Bear’s Ear," is an alpine flower known by the Romans. From the early writings of Clusius, Gerard, and others we know that central Europeans had hybridized ''Primula auricula'' with the rose-colored ''P. hirsuta''. These robust hybrids became known as the "garden auricula," ''P. x pubescens'', and were popular plants for pots and parterres in the 16th century.<ref>Alice M. Coates, [http://tjportal.monticello.org/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=382 ''Flowers and their Histories''] (London: Black, 1968), 214 and David Stuart and James Sutherland, [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/15593580 ''Plants from the Past: Old Flowers for New Gardens''] (London: Penguin Books, 1989), 203-204.</ref> By 1665, the auricula flower had reached a high degree of development, an invention of the English Working Class as "florist flowers."<ref>Coates, 215-216.</ref>

-	'''Size:''' Thick, evergreen foliage; rosette-forming plants; 8 inches high and 10 inches wide	+	The Auricula Primrose is a hardy, spring flowering perennial with umbels of large, flat, richly-colored flowers ranging from maroon-carmine, coral pink, deep orange, maroon-black with primrose yellow centers.
-		+
-	'''Cultural Information:''' Prefers light afternoon shade and moist, but well-drained, humus rich soils	+
-		+
-	'''USDA Zones:''' 3 through 8	+
-		+
-	'''Historical Notes:''' The species auricula, also known as “Bear’s Ear,” is an alpine flower known by the Romans. From the early writings of Clusius, Gerard, and others we know that central Europeans had hybridized ''Primula auricula'' with the rose-colored ''P. hirsuta''. These robust hybrids became known as the "garden auricula," ''P. x pubescens'', and were popular plants for pots and parterres in the 16th century. By 1665 the auricula flower had reached a high degree of development were very much an invention of the English Working Class as "florist flowers." [[Thomas Jefferson]] mentioned auriculas many times in his letters and Garden Diary, and he received divisions from Bernard McMahon in 1807.<ref>[[Short Title List\|Betts, ''Garden Book'']], 337 and 340.</ref>	+

	==Primary Source References<ref>Please note that this list should not be considered comprehensive.</ref>==		==Primary Source References<ref>Please note that this list should not be considered comprehensive.</ref>==
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	*[http://www.monticello.org/chp/index.html Thomas Jefferson Center for Historic Plants]		*[http://www.monticello.org/chp/index.html Thomas Jefferson Center for Historic Plants]

-	[[Category:Perennials\|Primrose, Garden Auricula]]	+	[[Category:Perennials\|Primrose, Auricula]]
		+	[[Category:Jefferson-Documented Plants\|Primrose, Auricula]]

Bcraig: Garden Auricula Primrose moved to Auricula Primrose: "Garden" unnecessary

Bcraig — Fri, 27 Mar 2009 13:29:30 GMT

Garden Auricula Primrose moved to Auricula Primrose: "Garden" unnecessary

←Older revision

Revision as of 13:29, 27 March 2009

Bcraig: New page: '''Common Name:''' Garden Auricula PrimroseThis section is based on Peggy Cornett, CHP Information Sheet. '''Scientific Name:''' ''Primula auricula cv.'' (''Primula x pubescen...

Bcraig — Wed, 05 Nov 2008 20:13:35 GMT

New page: '''Common Name:''' Garden Auricula Primrose<ref>This section is based on Peggy Cornett, CHP Information Sheet.</ref> '''Scientific Name:''' ''Primula auricula cv.'' (''Primula x pubescen...

New page

'''Common Name:''' Garden Auricula Primrose<ref>This section is based on Peggy Cornett, CHP Information Sheet.</ref>

'''Scientific Name:''' ''Primula auricula cv.'' (''Primula x pubescens'')

'''Description:''' Hardy, spring flowering perennial; Umbels of large, flat, richly-colored flowers ranging from maroon-carmine, coral pink, deep orange, maroon-black with primrose yellow centers

'''Size:''' Thick, evergreen foliage; rosette-forming plants; 8 inches high and 10 inches wide

'''Cultural Information:''' Prefers light afternoon shade and moist, but well-drained, humus rich soils

'''USDA Zones:''' 3 through 8

'''Historical Notes:''' The species auricula, also known as “Bear’s Ear,” is an alpine flower known by the Romans. From the early writings of Clusius, Gerard, and others we know that central Europeans had hybridized ''Primula auricula'' with the rose-colored ''P. hirsuta''. These robust hybrids became known as the "garden auricula," ''P. x pubescens'', and were popular plants for pots and parterres in the 16th century. By 1665 the auricula flower had reached a high degree of development were very much an invention of the English Working Class as "florist flowers." [[Thomas Jefferson]] mentioned auriculas many times in his letters and Garden Diary, and he received divisions from Bernard McMahon in 1807.<ref>[[Short Title List|Betts, ''Garden Book'']], 337 and 340.</ref>

==Primary Source References<ref>Please note that this list should not be considered comprehensive.</ref>==

'''1767 April 2.''' (Entry in Garden Book). "...Auricula..."<ref>[[Short Title List|Betts, ''Garden Book'']], 4. [http://www.thomasjeffersonpapers.org/cfm/doc.cfm?id=garden_2&numrecs=1&archive=garden&hi=on&mode=&query=Auricula&queryid=&rec=1&noimages=&start=1&tag=text&user= Manuscript and transcription] at the Massachusetts Historical Society</ref>

'''1786 August 12.''' (Jefferson to Richard Cary). "Having thought it best to put off getting the articles till the bearer of this was setting out, they have disappointed me of Carnations, Auriculas..."<ref>[[Short Title List|''PTJ'']], 10:228. [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=mtj1&fileName=mtj1page006.db&recNum=122 Polygraph copy] at Library of Congress.</ref>

'''1807 February 25.''' ([[Bernard McMahon]] to Jefferson). Of Auriculas we have none here worth a cent, but I expect some good ones from London this spring; if they come safe, you shall have a division next season."<ref>[[Short Title List|Betts, ''Garden Book'']], 340. [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=mtj1&fileName=mtj1page037.db&recNum=939 Copy] at Library of Congress.</ref>

'''1809 February 8.''' (Jefferson to [[Bernard McMahon]]). "I will ask the favor of the bill at the same time, the amount of which shall be immediately remitted you...Auricula..."<ref>Ibid, 406. [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=mtj1&fileName=mtj1page043.db&recNum=600 Polygraph Copy] at Library of Congress.</ref>

'''1811 March 10.''' ([[Bernard McMahon]] to Jefferson). "seeds. Auricula."<ref>Ibid, 453. [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=mtj1&fileName=mtj1page045.db&recNum=174 Copy] at Library of Congress.</ref>

'''1811 April 8.''' (Jefferson to [[Bernard McMahon]]). "my wants there are Anemones, Auriculas..."<ref>Ibid, 455. [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=mtj1&fileName=mtj1page045.db&recNum=256 Polygraph Copy] at Library of Congress.</ref>

'''1812 February 16.''' (Jefferson to [[Bernard McMahon]]). "seeds. Auricula..."<ref>Ibid, 480. [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=mtj1&fileName=mtj1page045.db&recNum=956 Polygraph Copy] at Library of Congress.</ref>

'''1812 February 28.''' ([[Bernard McMahon]] to Jefferson). "6 pots of Auriculas, different kinds."<ref>Ibid, 481. [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=mtj1&fileName=mtj1page045.db&recNum=968 Copy] at Library of Congress.</ref>

'''1812 December 1.''' ([[Bernard McMahon]] to Jefferson). "I also do myself the pleasure of enclosing you some superior China Pink and Auricula seeds..."<ref>Ibid, 492. [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=mtj1&fileName=mtj1page046.db&recNum=395 Copy] at Library of Congress.</ref>

'''1813 January 11.''' (Jefferson to [[Bernard McMahon]]). "I have too long delayed returned you thanks for your favors of Nov. 24. & Dec. 1. and the hyacinth roots with the seeds of the China pink, Auricula, & fiorin grass, which came safely to hand."<ref>Ibid, 504. [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=mtj1&fileName=mtj1page046.db&recNum=505 Polygraph Copy] at Library of Congress.</ref>

==Footnotes==
<references/>

==Further Sources==
*McMahon, Bernard. [http://tjportal.monticello.org/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=5466 ''The American Gardener’s Calendar, 1806''] (Charlottesville: Thomas Jefferson Memorial Foundation, 1997), 72, 151, 152, 287, 337, 338, 339, 387, 442, 459, 491, 527, 558, and 573
*[http://www.monticello.org/chp/index.html Thomas Jefferson Center for Historic Plants]

[[Category:Perennials|Primrose, Garden Auricula]]