William Small - Revision history

JRobertson at 13:44, 7 September 2009

2009-09-07T13:44:16Z

←Older revision		Revision as of 13:44, 7 September 2009
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	Small was a huge influence on Jefferson's intellectual development. He inculcated in Jefferson a life-long appreciation of science, math, and the Enlightenment thinkers. Outside of the classroom, he helped introduce young Jefferson to Governor Francis Fauquier and [[George Wythe]].		Small was a huge influence on Jefferson's intellectual development. He inculcated in Jefferson a life-long appreciation of science, math, and the Enlightenment thinkers. Outside of the classroom, he helped introduce young Jefferson to Governor Francis Fauquier and [[George Wythe]].

-	Small left for England in 1764 to acquire scientific instruments for the college but never returned. While in England, he received a medical degree and became an adviser to Matthew Boulton and James Watt. Boulton, Small, and Erasmus Darwin helped establish the Birmingham Lunar Society, a learned society whose participants included Watt, [[Joseph Priestley]], Josiah Wedgwood, William Withering, and others. Small died in London of a malarial fever. Jefferson's last letter to him was dated May 7, 1775.<ref>Other letters between the two were probably destroyed in the Shadwell fire of 1770. See [[Short Title List\|''PTJ'']], 1:165-166 and [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=mtj1&fileName=mtj1page001.db&recNum=356 Library of Congress].</ref>	+	Small left for England in 1764 to acquire scientific instruments for the college but never returned. While in England, he received a medical degree and became an adviser to Matthew Boulton and James Watt. Boulton, Small, and Erasmus Darwin helped establish the Birmingham Lunar Society, a learned society whose participants included Watt, [[Joseph Priestley]], Josiah Wedgwood, William Withering (after Small's death), and others. Small died in Birmingham of what was called putrid or jail fever, although it has been assumed that it was malaria since he had been in Virginia -- and indeed it may have been malaria but he was diagnosed by Erasmus Darwin, Alexander Small, and William Heberden<ref>Information provided by Martin R. Claggett, 9/6/09</ref>. Jefferson's last letter to him was dated May 7, 1775.<ref>Other letters between the two were probably destroyed in the Shadwell fire of 1770. See [[Short Title List\|''PTJ'']], 1:165-166 and [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=mtj1&fileName=mtj1page001.db&recNum=356 Library of Congress].</ref>

	==Primary Source References<ref>Please note that this list should not be considered comprehensive.</ref>==		==Primary Source References<ref>Please note that this list should not be considered comprehensive.</ref>==

EJohnson: Grammar, flow

2009-01-05T03:14:08Z

Grammar, flow

←Older revision		Revision as of 03:14, 5 January 2009
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	'''William Small''' (1734-1775) was professor of natural philosophy and mathematics at the College of William and Mary. He was a mentor to [[Thomas Jefferson\|Jefferson]] while he was a student at the school (1760-1762). Born and educated in Scotland at the time of the Scottish Enlightenment, Small immersed himself in the Enlightenment philosophers, including Newton, Bacon, Locke, Francis Hutcheson, Lord Kames, and Adam Smith. He went to Williamsburg, Virginia in 1758 to join the faculty at William and Mary where he was the only non-clergyman on staff.		'''William Small''' (1734-1775) was professor of natural philosophy and mathematics at the College of William and Mary. He was a mentor to [[Thomas Jefferson\|Jefferson]] while he was a student at the school (1760-1762). Born and educated in Scotland at the time of the Scottish Enlightenment, Small immersed himself in the Enlightenment philosophers, including Newton, Bacon, Locke, Francis Hutcheson, Lord Kames, and Adam Smith. He went to Williamsburg, Virginia in 1758 to join the faculty at William and Mary where he was the only non-clergyman on staff.

-	Small introduced the faculty to the Socratic method of questioning pupils as the primary means of teaching. Before this, students learned using memory lessons and recitations. However, Small changed this as Martin Clagett, states, "In the lecture-discussion-demonstration method used by Small, professors provided formal lectures in the morning, followed by afternoon commentary, questions and answers, and possibly a series of experimental demonstrations."<ref>Martin Richard Clagett, [http://tjportal.monticello.org/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=9064 "William Small, Teacher, Mentor, Scientist"]. Ph.D. Dissertation, Virginia Commonwealth University, 2003, 153.</ref>	+	Small introduced the faculty to the Socratic method of questioning pupils as the primary means of teaching. Before this, students learned using memory lessons and recitations. However, Small changed this; "[i]n the lecture-discussion-demonstration method used by Small, professors provided formal lectures in the morning, followed by afternoon commentary, questions and answers, and possibly a series of experimental demonstrations."<ref>Martin Richard Clagett, [http://tjportal.monticello.org/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=9064 "William Small, Teacher, Mentor, Scientist"]. Ph.D. Dissertation, Virginia Commonwealth University, 2003, 153.</ref>

-	Small was a huge influence on Jefferson's intellectual development. He introduced Jefferson to science, math, and the Enlightenment thinkers. Outside of the classroom, he helped introduce young Jefferson to Governor Francis Fauquier and [[George Wythe]].	+	Small was a huge influence on Jefferson's intellectual development. He inculcated in Jefferson a life-long appreciation of science, math, and the Enlightenment thinkers. Outside of the classroom, he helped introduce young Jefferson to Governor Francis Fauquier and [[George Wythe]].

-	Small would leave for England in 1764 to acquire scientific instruments for the college but never returned. While there, he received a medical degree and became an adivsor to Matthew Boulton and James Watt. Boulton, Small, and Erasmus Darwin created the Birmingham Lunar Society where [[Joseph Priestley]], Josiah Wedgwood, William Withering, and others came together. He died in London of a malarial fever. Jefferson's last letter to him is dated May 7, 1775.<ref>Other letters between the two were probably destroyed in the Shadwell fire of 1770. See [[Short Title List\|''PTJ'']], 1:165-166 and [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=mtj1&fileName=mtj1page001.db&recNum=356 Library of Congress].</ref>	+	Small left for England in 1764 to acquire scientific instruments for the college but never returned. While in England, he received a medical degree and became an adviser to Matthew Boulton and James Watt. Boulton, Small, and Erasmus Darwin helped establish the Birmingham Lunar Society, a learned society whose participants included Watt, [[Joseph Priestley]], Josiah Wedgwood, William Withering, and others. Small died in London of a malarial fever. Jefferson's last letter to him was dated May 7, 1775.<ref>Other letters between the two were probably destroyed in the Shadwell fire of 1770. See [[Short Title List\|''PTJ'']], 1:165-166 and [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=mtj1&fileName=mtj1page001.db&recNum=356 Library of Congress].</ref>

	==Primary Source References<ref>Please note that this list should not be considered comprehensive.</ref>==		==Primary Source References<ref>Please note that this list should not be considered comprehensive.</ref>==

Bcraig at 19:26, 10 December 2008

2008-12-10T19:26:52Z

←Older revision		Revision as of 19:26, 10 December 2008
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	'''William Small''' (1734-1775) was professor of natural philosophy and mathematics at the College of William and Mary. He was a mentor to [[Thomas Jefferson\|Jefferson]] while he was a student at the school (1760-1762). Born and educated in Scotland at the time of the Scottish Enlightenment, Small immersed himself in the Enlightenment philosophers, including Newton, Bacon, Locke, Francis Hutcheson, Lord Kames, and Adam Smith. He went to Williamsburg, Virginia in 1758 to join the faculty at William and Mary where he was the only non-clergyman on staff.		'''William Small''' (1734-1775) was professor of natural philosophy and mathematics at the College of William and Mary. He was a mentor to [[Thomas Jefferson\|Jefferson]] while he was a student at the school (1760-1762). Born and educated in Scotland at the time of the Scottish Enlightenment, Small immersed himself in the Enlightenment philosophers, including Newton, Bacon, Locke, Francis Hutcheson, Lord Kames, and Adam Smith. He went to Williamsburg, Virginia in 1758 to join the faculty at William and Mary where he was the only non-clergyman on staff.

-	Small introduced the faculty to the Socratic method of questioning pupils as the primary means of teaching. Before this, students learned using memory lessons and recitations. However, Small changed this as Martin Clagett, states, "In the lecture-discussion-demonstration method used by Small, professors provided formal lectures in the morning, followed by afternoon commentary, questions and answers, and possibly a series of experimental demonstrations."<ref>Martin Richard Clagett, [http://tjportal.monticello.org/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=9064 "William Small, Teacher, Mentor, Scientist"]. Ph.D. Dissertation, Virginia Commonweath University, 2003, 153.</ref>	+	Small introduced the faculty to the Socratic method of questioning pupils as the primary means of teaching. Before this, students learned using memory lessons and recitations. However, Small changed this as Martin Clagett, states, "In the lecture-discussion-demonstration method used by Small, professors provided formal lectures in the morning, followed by afternoon commentary, questions and answers, and possibly a series of experimental demonstrations."<ref>Martin Richard Clagett, [http://tjportal.monticello.org/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=9064 "William Small, Teacher, Mentor, Scientist"]. Ph.D. Dissertation, Virginia Commonwealth University, 2003, 153.</ref>

-	Small was a huge influence on Jefferson's intellectual development. he introduced Jefferson to science, math, and the Enlightenment thinkers. Outside of the classroom, he helped introduce young Jefferson to Governor Francis Fauquier and [[George Wythe]].	+	Small was a huge influence on Jefferson's intellectual development. He introduced Jefferson to science, math, and the Enlightenment thinkers. Outside of the classroom, he helped introduce young Jefferson to Governor Francis Fauquier and [[George Wythe]].

	Small would leave for England in 1764 to acquire scientific instruments for the college but never returned. While there, he received a medical degree and became an adivsor to Matthew Boulton and James Watt. Boulton, Small, and Erasmus Darwin created the Birmingham Lunar Society where [[Joseph Priestley]], Josiah Wedgwood, William Withering, and others came together. He died in London of a malarial fever. Jefferson's last letter to him is dated May 7, 1775.<ref>Other letters between the two were probably destroyed in the Shadwell fire of 1770. See [[Short Title List\|''PTJ'']], 1:165-166 and [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=mtj1&fileName=mtj1page001.db&recNum=356 Library of Congress].</ref>		Small would leave for England in 1764 to acquire scientific instruments for the college but never returned. While there, he received a medical degree and became an adivsor to Matthew Boulton and James Watt. Boulton, Small, and Erasmus Darwin created the Birmingham Lunar Society where [[Joseph Priestley]], Josiah Wedgwood, William Withering, and others came together. He died in London of a malarial fever. Jefferson's last letter to him is dated May 7, 1775.<ref>Other letters between the two were probably destroyed in the Shadwell fire of 1770. See [[Short Title List\|''PTJ'']], 1:165-166 and [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=mtj1&fileName=mtj1page001.db&recNum=356 Library of Congress].</ref>
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	==Further Sources==		==Further Sources==
-	*Miller, Cynthia L. [http://tjportal.monticello.org/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=77284 "William Small and the Making of Thomas Jefferson's Mind"]. ''Colonial Williamsburg.'' Autumn 2000: 30-33.	+	*Miller, Cynthia L. [http://tjportal.monticello.org/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=77284 "William Small and the Making of Thomas Jefferson's Mind"]. ''Colonial Williamsburg.'' Autumn 2000: 30-33

	[[Category:People\|Small, William]]		[[Category:People\|Small, William]]
	[[Category:Personal Life\|Small, William]]		[[Category:Personal Life\|Small, William]]
	[[Category:Education\|Small, William]]		[[Category:Education\|Small, William]]

Bcraig at 18:04, 10 September 2008

2008-09-10T18:04:33Z

←Older revision		Revision as of 18:04, 10 September 2008
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	Small introduced the faculty to the Socratic method of questioning pupils as the primary means of teaching. Before this, students learned using memory lessons and recitations. However, Small changed this as Martin Clagett, states, "In the lecture-discussion-demonstration method used by Small, professors provided formal lectures in the morning, followed by afternoon commentary, questions and answers, and possibly a series of experimental demonstrations."<ref>Martin Richard Clagett, [http://tjportal.monticello.org/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=9064 "William Small, Teacher, Mentor, Scientist"]. Ph.D. Dissertation, Virginia Commonweath University, 2003, 153.</ref>		Small introduced the faculty to the Socratic method of questioning pupils as the primary means of teaching. Before this, students learned using memory lessons and recitations. However, Small changed this as Martin Clagett, states, "In the lecture-discussion-demonstration method used by Small, professors provided formal lectures in the morning, followed by afternoon commentary, questions and answers, and possibly a series of experimental demonstrations."<ref>Martin Richard Clagett, [http://tjportal.monticello.org/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=9064 "William Small, Teacher, Mentor, Scientist"]. Ph.D. Dissertation, Virginia Commonweath University, 2003, 153.</ref>

-	Small was a huge influence on Jefferson's intellectual development. he introduced Jefferson to science, math, and the Enlightenment thinkers. Outside of the classroom, he helped introduce young Jefferson to George Wythe, Governor Francis Fauquier, and George Wythe.	+	Small was a huge influence on Jefferson's intellectual development. he introduced Jefferson to science, math, and the Enlightenment thinkers. Outside of the classroom, he helped introduce young Jefferson to Governor Francis Fauquier and [[George Wythe]].

	Small would leave for England in 1764 to acquire scientific instruments for the college but never returned. While there, he received a medical degree and became an adivsor to Matthew Boulton and James Watt. Boulton, Small, and Erasmus Darwin created the Birmingham Lunar Society where [[Joseph Priestley]], Josiah Wedgwood, William Withering, and others came together. He died in London of a malarial fever. Jefferson's last letter to him is dated May 7, 1775.<ref>Other letters between the two were probably destroyed in the Shadwell fire of 1770. See [[Short Title List\|''PTJ'']], 1:165-166 and [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=mtj1&fileName=mtj1page001.db&recNum=356 Library of Congress].</ref>		Small would leave for England in 1764 to acquire scientific instruments for the college but never returned. While there, he received a medical degree and became an adivsor to Matthew Boulton and James Watt. Boulton, Small, and Erasmus Darwin created the Birmingham Lunar Society where [[Joseph Priestley]], Josiah Wedgwood, William Withering, and others came together. He died in London of a malarial fever. Jefferson's last letter to him is dated May 7, 1775.<ref>Other letters between the two were probably destroyed in the Shadwell fire of 1770. See [[Short Title List\|''PTJ'']], 1:165-166 and [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=mtj1&fileName=mtj1page001.db&recNum=356 Library of Congress].</ref>

Bcraig at 17:58, 27 August 2008

2008-08-27T17:58:32Z

←Older revision		Revision as of 17:58, 27 August 2008
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	==Footnotes==		==Footnotes==
	<references/>		<references/>
		+
		+	==See Also==
		+	*[[Jefferson's Formal Education]]

	==Further Sources==		==Further Sources==

Bcraig: New page: '''William Small''' (1734-1775) was professor of natural philosophy and mathematics at the College of William and Mary. He was a mentor to Jefferson while he was a stu...

2008-08-27T17:54:16Z

New page: '''William Small''' (1734-1775) was professor of natural philosophy and mathematics at the College of William and Mary. He was a mentor to Jefferson while he was a stu...

New page

'''William Small''' (1734-1775) was professor of natural philosophy and mathematics at the College of William and Mary. He was a mentor to [[Thomas Jefferson|Jefferson]] while he was a student at the school (1760-1762). Born and educated in Scotland at the time of the Scottish Enlightenment, Small immersed himself in the Enlightenment philosophers, including Newton, Bacon, Locke, Francis Hutcheson, Lord Kames, and Adam Smith. He went to Williamsburg, Virginia in 1758 to join the faculty at William and Mary where he was the only non-clergyman on staff.

Small introduced the faculty to the Socratic method of questioning pupils as the primary means of teaching. Before this, students learned using memory lessons and recitations. However, Small changed this as Martin Clagett, states, "In the lecture-discussion-demonstration method used by Small, professors provided formal lectures in the morning, followed by afternoon commentary, questions and answers, and possibly a series of experimental demonstrations."<ref>Martin Richard Clagett, [http://tjportal.monticello.org/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=9064 "William Small, Teacher, Mentor, Scientist"]. Ph.D. Dissertation, Virginia Commonweath University, 2003, 153.</ref>

Small was a huge influence on Jefferson's intellectual development. he introduced Jefferson to science, math, and the Enlightenment thinkers. Outside of the classroom, he helped introduce young Jefferson to George Wythe, Governor Francis Fauquier, and George Wythe.

Small would leave for England in 1764 to acquire scientific instruments for the college but never returned. While there, he received a medical degree and became an adivsor to Matthew Boulton and James Watt. Boulton, Small, and Erasmus Darwin created the Birmingham Lunar Society where [[Joseph Priestley]], Josiah Wedgwood, William Withering, and others came together. He died in London of a malarial fever. Jefferson's last letter to him is dated May 7, 1775.<ref>Other letters between the two were probably destroyed in the Shadwell fire of 1770. See [[Short Title List|''PTJ'']], 1:165-166 and [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=mtj1&fileName=mtj1page001.db&recNum=356 Library of Congress].</ref>

==Primary Source References<ref>Please note that this list should not be considered comprehensive.</ref>==

'''1815 January 15.''' (Jefferson to L.H. Girardin). "Dr. Small was his [George Wythe] bosom friend, and to me as a father. To his enlightened and affectionate guidance of my studies while at college, I am indebted for everything...He first introduced into both schools rational and elevated courses of study, and, from an extraordinary conjunction of eloquence and logic, was enabled to communicate them to the students with great effect. He procured for me the patronage of Mr. Wythe, and both of them, the attentions of Governor Fauquier, the ablest man who ever filled the chair of government there...At these dinners I have heard more good sense, more rational and philosophical conversations, than in all my life besides. They were truly Attic societies."<ref>[[Short Title List|"'L&B'']], 14:231.</ref>

'''1821.''' (Autobiography). "It was my great good fortune, and what probably fixed the destinies of my life that Dr. Wm. Small of Scotland was then professor of Mathematics, a man profound in most of the useful branches of science, with a happy talent of communication, correct and gentlemanly manners, & an enlarged & liberal mind. He, most happily for me, became soon attached to me & made me his daily companion when not engaged in the school; and from his conversation I got my first views of the expansion of science & of the system of things in which we are placed."<ref>[[Short Title List|Peterson, ''Writings'']], 4.</ref>

==Footnotes==
<references/>

==Further Sources==
*Miller, Cynthia L. [http://tjportal.monticello.org/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=77284 "William Small and the Making of Thomas Jefferson's Mind"]. ''Colonial Williamsburg.'' Autumn 2000: 30-33.

[[Category:People|Small, William]]
[[Category:Personal Life|Small, William]]
[[Category:Education|Small, William]]